Cutting Tools

thegreatunknown wrote:

DRAVEN wrote:scissors are cutting tools too, where are they?

I think it's not there because its not intended for electrical tools.

Yes I agree,it may consider as a cutting tool too but it is not included in the electrical cutting tools because a pair of scissors consists of a pair of metal blades pivoted so that the sharpened edges slide against each other when the handles (bows) opposite to the pivot are closed. Scissors are used for cutting various thin materials, such as paper, cardboard, metal foil, cloth, rope, and wire.

akikoh26 wrote:

saynojen wrote:What are the characteristics of a cutting tools in order to produce good quality ?

A cutting tool must have the following characteristics in order to produce good quality and economical parts:
Hardness — harness and strength of the cutting tool must be maintained at elevated temperatures, also called hot hardness (Figure 1.1)
Toughness — toughness of cutting tools is needed so that tools don’t chip or fracture, especially during interrupted cutting operations.
Wear Resistance — wear resistance means the attainment of acceptable tool life before tools need to be replaced.

The materials from which cutting tools are made are all characteristically hard and strong. There is a wide range of tool materials available for machining operations, and the general classification and use of these materials are of interest here.

Additional Characteristics of a cutting tool material
1. The material should be harder than the workpiece so that it is able to penetrate into the workpiece and it should have hot hardness i.e. the ability of material to retain hardness at elevated temperatures.

2. The coefficient of friction at the tool chip interface should be low for better surface finish and less wear.

3. The material should have wear resistance to prevent wear and tear of the cutting tool surface.

4. It should be chemically stable so that it does not react with the workpiece and chemically inert so that there is no oxidation and hence no scales and pits are formed on the surface.

5. The material must have sufficient strength and toughness to withstand shocks and vibrations.

6. The thermal conductivity should be high so that there is heat dissipation which is generated during the machining process thereby increasing the life of the cutting tool.

saynojen wrote:

thegreatunknown wrote:

DRAVEN wrote:scissors are cutting tools too, where are they?

I think it's not there because its not intended for electrical tools.

Yes I agree,it may consider as a cutting tool too but it is not included in the electrical cutting tools because a pair of scissors consists of a pair of metal blades pivoted so that the sharpened edges slide against each other when the handles (bows) opposite to the pivot are closed. Scissors are used for cutting various thin materials, such as paper, cardboard, metal foil, cloth, rope, and wire.

Not sort of electrical tools bro

What is/are the common cutting tool material used ?

jinemay wrote:
What is/are the common cutting tool material used ?

1. Carbon steel: Carbon steels having carbon percentage as high as 1.5% are used as tool materials however they are not able to with stand very high temperature and hence are operational at low cutting speed.

2. High speed steel (HSS): These are special alloy steel which are obtained by alloying tungsten, Chromium, Vanadium, Cobalt and molybdenum with steel. HSS has high hot hardness, wear resistance and 3 to 4 times higher cutting speed as compare to carbon steel. Most commonly used HSS have following compositions.

a) 18-4-1 HSS i.e. 18% tungsten, 4% chromium, 1% vanadium with a carbon content of 0.6 - 0.7%. If vanadium is 2% it becomes 18-4-2 HSS.

b) Cobalt high speed steel: This is also referred to as super high speed steel. Cobalt is added 2 – 15%. The most common composition is tungsten 20%, 4% chromium, 2% vanadium and 12% cobalt.

c) Molybdenum high speed steel: It contains 6% tungsten, 6% molybdenum, 4% chromium and 2% vanadium.

3. Cemented carbide: These are basically carbon cemented together by a binder. It is a powder metallurgy product and the binder mostly used is cobalt. The basic ingredient is tungsten carbide-82%, titanium carbide-10% and cobalt-8%. These materials possess high hardness and wear resistance and it has cutting speed 6 times higher than high speed steel (HSS).

4. Ceramics: It mainly consists of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and silicon nitride (Si3N4). Ceramic cutting tools are hard with high hot hardness and do not react with the workpiece. They can be used at elevated temperature and cutting speed 4 times that of cemented carbide. These have low heat conductivity.

5. Diamond: It is the hardest known material having cutting speed 15 times greater than that for high speed tools.

6. Cubic boron nitride (CBN): It is the second hardest material after diamond and a economical alternative to the later. It is manufactured through high temperature and pressure to bond boron crystals in cubic form with a ceramic or metal binder to form polycrystalline structure with nitride particles present. It is an excellent cutting tool material because it combines extreme high hot hardness up to high temperatures of 2000°C.

Admin wrote:

jinemay wrote:
What is/are the common cutting tool material used ?

1.   Carbon steel: Carbon steels having carbon percentage as high as 1.5% are used as tool materials however they are not able to with stand very high temperature and hence are operational at low cutting speed.

2.   High speed steel (HSS): These are special alloy steel which are obtained by alloying tungsten, Chromium, Vanadium, Cobalt and molybdenum with steel. HSS has high hot hardness, wear resistance and 3 to 4 times higher cutting speed as compare to carbon steel. Most commonly used HSS have following compositions.

a)   18-4-1 HSS i.e. 18% tungsten, 4% chromium, 1% vanadium with a carbon content of 0.6 - 0.7%. If vanadium is 2% it becomes 18-4-2 HSS.

b)   Cobalt high speed steel: This is also referred to as super high speed steel. Cobalt is added 2 – 15%. The most common composition is tungsten 20%, 4% chromium, 2% vanadium and 12% cobalt.

c)   Molybdenum high speed steel: It contains 6% tungsten, 6% molybdenum, 4% chromium and 2% vanadium.

3.   Cemented carbide: These are basically carbon cemented together by a binder. It is a powder metallurgy product and the binder mostly used is cobalt. The basic ingredient is tungsten carbide-82%, titanium carbide-10% and cobalt-8%. These materials possess high hardness and wear resistance and it has cutting speed 6 times higher than high speed steel (HSS).

4.   Ceramics: It mainly consists of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and silicon nitride (Si3N4). Ceramic cutting tools are hard with high hot hardness and do not react with the workpiece. They can be used at elevated temperature and cutting speed 4 times that of cemented carbide. These have low heat conductivity.

5.   Diamond: It is the hardest known material having cutting speed 15 times greater than that for high speed tools.  

6.   Cubic boron nitride (CBN): It is the second hardest material after diamond and a economical alternative to the later. It is manufactured through high temperature and pressure to bond boron crystals in cubic form with a ceramic or metal binder to form polycrystalline structure with nitride particles present. It is an excellent cutting tool material because it combines extreme high hot hardness up to high temperatures of 2000°C.

Ohh ,Honestly,I'm not familiar with that I will just search more about that admin Thank you for answering my question

What are the safety reminders in using cutting tools?

what are the proper ways in handling this cutting tools?

how helpful the cutting tools are?

What arebthe safety reminders in using cutting tools?

Always wear eye protection.
Always be sure that the pilot drill extends beyond the cutting edge of the saw by at least 1/8″.
Be sure to secure the material to be cut to keep it from spinning or slipping.
Be sure to start the cutting process with the saw square to the material being cut. This will ensure that all teeth begin to cut at the same time and will help prevent premature wear and damage to the saw.
Be sure to follow the recommended operating speed for the saw size and the material being cut.
Operator should feed the saw in and out to allow the material shavings to clear out of the hole being cut.
Cutting oils or lubricants should be used to extend the life of the saw, except when cutting wood or cast iron.
Occasionally check the mandrel’s drive pins to be sure they are still fully engaged in the saw and that they have not vibrated out of the drive holes in the saw.
When sawing in wood, finish the hole from the opposite side to prevent splintering. Once the pilot drill has broken through the other side, you can use this hole to guarantee you are in line with where you have already started cutting.

what are the proper ways in handling this cutting tools?

Point sharp tools (e.g., saws, chisels, knives) laying on benches away from aisles and handles should not extend over the edge of the bench top. Maintain tools carefully. Keep them clean and dry, and store them properly after each use. Carry tools in a sturdy tool box to and from the worksite.

How helpful the cutting tools are?

Many types of tool materials, ranging from high carbon steel to ceramics and diamonds, are used as cutting tools in today’s metalworking industry. It is important to be aware that differences do exist among tool materials, what these differences are, and the correct application for each type of material.

The various tool manufacturers assign many names and numbers to their products. While many of these names and numbers may appear to be similar, the applications of these tool materials may be entirely different. In most cases, the tool manufacturers will provide tools made of the proper material for each given application. In some particular applications, a premium or higher priced material will be justified.

This does not mean that the most expensive tool is always the best tool. Cutting tool users can’t afford to ignore the constant changes and advancements that are being made in the field of tool material technology. When a tool change is needed or anticipated, a performance comparison should be made before selecting the tool for the job. The optimum tool is not necessarily the least expensive or the most expensive, and it is not always the same tool that was used for the job last time. The best tool is the one that has been carefully chosen to get the job done quickly, efficiently, and economically.

A cutting tool must have the following characteristics in order to produce good quality and economical parts:

Hardness — harness and strength of the cutting tool must be maintained at elevated temperatures, also called hot hardness (Figure 1.1)

Toughness — toughness of cutting tools is needed so that tools don’t chip or fracture, especially during interrupted cutting operations.

Wear Resistance — wear resistance means the attainment of acceptable tool life before tools need to be replaced.

The materials from which cutting tools are made are all characteristically hard and strong. There is a wide range of tool materials available for machining operations, and the general classification and use of these materials are of interest here.

Tool Steels and Cast Alloys
Plain carbon tool steel is the oldest of the tool materials dating back hundreds of years. In simple terms, it is a high-carbon steel, which contains about 1.05% carbon. This high carbon content allows the steel to be hardened, offering greater resistance to abrasive wear. Plain high carbon steel served its purpose well for many years. However, because it is quickly over tempered (softened) at relatively low cutting temperatures (300 to 500°F), it is now rarely used as cutting tool material except in files, saw blades, chisels, etc. The use of plain high carbon steel is limited to low heat applications.

High Speed Tool Steel: The need for tool materials that could withstand increased cutting speeds and temperatures led to the development of high-speed tool steels (HSS). The major difference between HSS and plain high carbon steel is the addition of alloying elements to harden and strengthen the steel and make it more resistant to heat (hot hardness).

Some of the most commonly used alloying elements are manganese, chromium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, cobalt, and niobium. While each of these elements will add certain specific desirable characteristics, it can be generally state that they add deep hardening capability, high hot hardness, resistance to abrasive wear, and strength, to HSS. These characteristics allow relatively higher machining speeds and improved performance over plain high carbon steel.

The most common HSS used primarily as cutting tools are divided into the M and T series. The M series represents tool steels of molybdenum type and the T series represents Tungsten. Although there seems to be a great deal of similarly among these HSS, each one serves a specific purpose and offers significant benefits in its special application.

An important point to remember is that none of the alloying elements for either series of HSS is in abundant supply

What are cutting tools used for?

What type of steel is used for cutting tools?

What are the characteristics of the cutting tool material?

What metal is used for cutting material?

In the context of machining, a cutting tool or cutter is any tool that is used to remove material from the work piece by means of shear deformation. Cutting may be accomplished by single-point or multipoint tools.

The major difference between HSS and plain high carbon steel is the addition of alloying elements to harden and strengthen the steel and make it more resistant to heat (hot hardness). Some of the most commonly used alloying elements are manganese, chromium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, cobalt, and niobium.

The following properties are required for cutting tool materials:
hardness, hot hardness and pressure resistance.
bending strength and toughness.
inner bonding strength.
wear resistance. oxidation resistance. small prosperity to diffusion and adhesion. abrasion resistance. edge strength.

Different cutting tool materials used for cutting operations in practice are high carbon steel, high speed steel, non -ferrous cast alloys, cemented carbides, ceramics and sintered oxides, ceremets, diamond, cubic boron nitride, UCON and sialon.

Be sure that your cutting tool have no damage before you use it.

It's very useful to have a cutting tool because you will not easily cut some materials with your bare hands.

What are the techniques for using cutting tools?

Can you share with us some tips on how to easily use this cutting tools

Thank you for sharing this with us. It is really important to know the designated use of a tool for easy cutting.